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Asia · 1900–1950

MG
Primary revolution

Mahatma Gandhi

Indian Independence Movement

Leader of Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience, and Quit India. His method was mass non-violent resistance, not the INA’s military campaign.

Life
1869–1948
Place
Porbandar, Gujarat, India
Years
1919–1947
Map
21.6417, 69.6293
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Biography

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, 1869–1948, became a leading figure of the Indian National Congress and organized Non-Cooperation, the Salt March and Civil Disobedience, and Quit India. Those campaigns used boycott, marches, and imprisonment, and they differed from the Indian National Army’s wartime alliance with Japan. He was assassinated in Delhi in January 1948, after independence and Partition. The pin is Porbandar, his birthplace. Sabarmati, Dandi, Mumbai, and Delhi belong in the biography rather than on this single dot.

Revolution

Theme. Non-violent mass campaigns

Key figures. Jawaharlal Nehru

Outcome. British rule ended on 15 August 1947 amid Partition. Gandhi was killed in Delhi in January 1948.

Casualties. Colonial firings, including Jallianwala Bagh in 1919, and Partition in 1947 killed very large numbers. Those are not his personal tally.

Influence. The central name of non-violent mass politics in the independence struggle.